Kulak
WEALTHY INDEPENDENT FARMER IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE, DESIGNATED AS CLASS ENEMY IN THE SOVIET UNION
Kulaks; Kurkul; Kulak (Russian peasant); Kurkuli; Golchomag; Qolçomaq; Pidkurkulnyk; Kulakism
Kulak (; ; plural: кулаки́, kulakí, 'fist' or 'tight-fisted'), also kurkul () or golchomag (, plural: ), was the term which was used to describe peasants who owned over of land towards the end of the Russian Empire. In the early Soviet Union, particularly in Soviet Russia and Azerbaijan, kulak became a vague reference to property ownership among peasants who were considered hesitant allies of the Bolshevik Revolution.